Archaeology

E14 Where nationally important archaeological sites and monuments, whether scheduled or not, and their settings are affected by a proposed development, there will be a presumption in favour of their physical preservation in situ. The need for the preservation of unscheduled sites of more local importance will be considered on merit. Where preservation is not possible then, before planning permission is granted, it should be demonstrated that appropriate arrangements have been made for a programme of excavation and recording prior to development taking place.

346. The value, variety and vulnerability of sites and monuments justify the preservation of those most important to the archaeology, history and character of Hampshire.

347. Archaeological sites and monuments and their settings are a finite and non-renewable resource. Care must be taken to ensure that they are not needlessly or thoughtlessly destroyed. Although at present a number of archaeological sites and monuments are protected by national legislation, the majority rely on the Structure Plan, local plans and the development control process for their continued protection and management as reflected in PPG 16.

348. When considering proposals for development, the local planning authorities will ensure the availability of accurate information on the condition and significance of archaeological sites affected by development proposals. Such information is essential for the decision-making process on planning and land-use issues and for monitoring the effectiveness of the planning process in protecting archaeological sites.

349. The authorities will promote, where practicable, the appropriate management and enhancement of important archaeological sites and monuments and where resources permit, assist owners to maintain them in good condition and to adopt sympathetic land management regimes.

350. The management of the maritime archaeological heritage, whether above or below the low water mark, is as important as the management of land-based archaeological sites. Consequently, within the area administered by the local planning authorities, it is a material consideration in the planning process. Coastal planning authorities should ensure that provision is made by developers for the identification, recording and protection of archaeological sites and historic wrecks (especially protected wrecks) in the inter-tidal zone and on the seabed along the Hampshire coastline, before any development commences.

E15 Development which is likely to have an adverse impact on landscapes included in English Heritage's Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest and the County Council's Register of Parks and Gardens will not be permitted unless the local planning authorities are satisfied that the need for the development outweighs that impact.

351. Nationally English Heritage already recognises two particular types of historic landscape: designed parks and gardens, and well-preserved battlefield sites. Consequently, two Registers have been compiled: the first contain lists of historic parks and gardens and the second, battlefields which, although not statutory, should be considered a material consideration when preparing local plans and in day-to-day development control. The County Council also has a Register of Parks and Gardens, many of which are not included in the English Heritage list.

352. In addition to historic parks and gardens and battlefield sites, there is the wider historic landscape, the conservation of which is equally important and which deserves to be protected from development. Local planning authorities should take account of these historic components of the landscape in their local plans and development control work.