JSNA Healthy Lives

Data in this summary are correct as at August 2024

Introduction

Our behaviours, personal circumstances and illnesses hugely affect our life expectancy and health. Influences on our health are particularly important before birth and during early childhood. These influences and risk factors continue to accumulate and their effects build as we move into adulthood. Preventing exposure to these risk factors, and reducing inequalities in how these risk factors are distributed among our population, can have a positive impact on our health.

Local public health teams work to both prevent and reduce people’s exposures to risk factors across all stages of life. We commission services which help people reduce their risk factors (for example, smoking), as well as work alongside other organisations to provide people with the support they need to make healthy decisions and prevent exposure to negative risk factors in the first place.

This chapter focuses on the risk factors, causes and protective factors which influence our health, the health inequalities which are evident and the potential impact COVID has had.

Data in this written summary are correct as at August 2024. The data in this report can be explored further by smaller geographies in the JSNA Healthy Lives data report. 

That link opens a Power BI presentation. Power BI is an interactive data visualization software developed by Microsoft.

Further information on the impact of COVID on our local population has been discussed in the Hampshire COVID-19 Health Impact Assessment.

The health outcomes of our population and how these impact different population groups are discussed in more detail in the accompanying JSNA reports.

Download Healthy Lives reports

Risk factors for adults and children

This chapter focuses on the risk factors which both adults and children experience. Data is provided from the Global Burden of Disease, showing that tobacco, high blood sugar and high body mass index are the top three risk factors in Hampshire. Data on alcohol, drug misuse and smoking and vaping are then explored. Excess alcohol consumption can contribute to a broad range of illnesses, including liver disease, heart disease, stroke, high blood pressure, and mental health conditions. It is the sixth largest risk factor for ill health in Hampshire. Key priorities from Smokefree Hampshire (which aims to reduce the adult smoking prevalence in Hampshire to 5% or less by 2030) are outlined.

Physical activity, healthy diet and overweight and obesity are reported on, including data on children’s and adults’ physical activity levels, the impact of COVID-19 on the UK’s diet and the variation in overweight and obesity in school aged children.

Lastly, this chapter covers key indicators for sexual and reproductive health. Good sexual health encompasses a positive, respectful approach to sexuality and sexual relationships which ensures sexual experiences that are safe, free of coercion, discrimination and violence. In England, the definition of sexual health also includes the provision of advice and services for contraception, termination of pregnancies, sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).

Risk factors for adults and children report

Maternity and First 1,001 days

This chapter covers maternity data, including local rates of teenage pregnancy and termination of pregnancy.

Data on the first 1,001 days (from conception to age two) are also presented. This is a period of uniquely rapid growth, when babies’ brains, their sense of self, and their understanding of the world are shaped by their experiences and environments. Sensitive, responsive caregiving including early attachment and bonding during the earliest years of life lay the foundation for later health and wellbeing, the benefits of which last a life time. Data to support our understanding of the first 1,001 days includes breastfeeding, smoking, alcohol and obesity in pregnancy. Data on the general fertility rate, low birth weight and pre-term delivery are also provided.

Maternity and First 1,001 days report

Risk factors for children

This chapter covers a range of risk factors for children. Protective factors that promote the health and well-being of children and families such as good early years development, good educational outcomes and having an economically stable and supportive home and family are vital. They are hugely influential to the development of children and young people and the life opportunities and health that they will have later in life.

Data on early years development include the development of children at the end of Reception and the inequalities seen between those who are on free school meals and those who are not. School attendance data is provided, including the rates of various absences and geographical inequalities which are observed across the area, including the sharp increase in pupil absence since COVID-19. Educational attainment scores are also included in this chapter, as well as those who are Not in Education, Employment or Training (NEET) and local inequalities.

Child poverty and free school meals data are included in this chapter, as childhood poverty is known to lead to poorer mental health, lower educational attainment, poor health outcomes and premature mortality in adulthood.

Children involved in the criminal justice system and data on vulnerable children are also included in this chapter. A wide range of factors influence whether a child is involved with the criminal justice system including their family, their local community and neighbourhood and their engagement in school. Children in contact with the criminal justice system have high levels of mental health needs and a higher risk of suicide than other young people.

Risk factors for children report

Risk factors in adults

This chapter covers unemployment and the inequalities which exist. Work is typically good for an individual’s physical and mental health and wellbeing, and access to local employment and good working conditions can influence the health of a community.

Universal Credit, low pay and poverty, including fuel poverty are covered. In recent years, there have been sharp increases in the costs of everyday essentials and fuel and national data on the cost-of-living crisis is also provided in this chapter.

The risk of gambling related harm is assessed in this chapter. Problem gambling can have negative impacts on the day-today lives of gamblers and those close to them, in terms of resources (e.g. money and debt), physical and mental health and relationships. Gambling data is available, applying national percentages to our local population and assessing the geography of gambling premises.

Serious violence is included in this chapter as it impacts physical and emotional health and can cause serious impacts on the health, social and economic outcomes of individuals, communities and societies. An individual's involvement in serious violence increases risks of health harming behaviours, such as higher risk of future violence and reduced prospects in employment, education and wellbeing.

In 2021, the government published the Domestic Abuse Act, which created a statutory definition of domestic abuse defining domestic abuse where both persons involved are “each aged over 16 and are personally connected to each other, and the behaviour is abusive”. Behaviour is recognised as abusive if it is an incident or pattern of any of the following: physical, sexual, economic, psychological, emotional or any other abuse or violent, threatening, controlling or coercive behaviour. This chapter provides data from Hampshire and Isle of Wight Constabulary on domestic abuse related crime at district level, identifying risk factors associated with domestic violence.

Risk factors in adults report

Protective measures

This chapter looks at the levels of vaccination and screening in the population. High vaccination coverage is essential to ensuring population protection against vaccine-preventable diseases. These diseases often lead to serious complications which can include lasting disability and death. Screening can detect people who are at high risk for a health problem but are not experiencing symptoms. Early detection can reduce the intensity of treatment required and improve chances of survival. Therefore, screening is a key public health action as part of wider preventative and healthcare activities.

Data on the eligible population and the uptake of NHS health checks is also included in this chapter. The NHS Health Check programme invites people aged between 40 and 74 for a check every five years to assess and manage their risk of heart disease, stroke, kidney disease and diabetes. High uptake is important to ensure that individuals at a high risk can be identified and take appropriate actions to lower their risk of serious conditions which can result in disability or death.

The impact of COVID-19 on these trends is assessed throughout this chapter.

Protective measure report

First 1,001 days infographic summary

The first 1,001 days, that is from pregnancy to age two, is a period of uniquely rapid growth, when babies’ brains, their sense of self, and their understanding of the world are shaped by their experiences and environments. A child’s physical, social, and cognitive development during the early years strongly influences their school-readiness and educational attainment, economic participation and health for the rest of their life. Ipsos MORI explain “Science tells us that a child’s experiences from conception through their first five years will go on to shape their next 50”. This report presents a summary of the key national and local data and evidence supporting the first 1,001 days.

First 1,001 days in Hampshire: from conception to two years old

The First 1,001 Days Review includes further details including outcomes for Hampshire children, findings of the Local Maternity and Neonatal System (LMNS) Equity Evaluation and information from stakeholder conversations.

Needs assessments and reports

Hampshire Substance Misuse Needs Assessment, 2022

The previous government set out a ten-year plan to combat illegal drug use, reduce crime and save lives. This was in response to the work led by Dame Carol Black demonstrating the scale of the societal harms of drugs and alcohol. The review demonstrated that the harms from the misuse of drugs and alcohol cost society £19.3billion per year with the majority of this due to the crime and health costs of problematic drug use (heroin and crack cocaine).

The policy paper “From Harm to hope: A 10-year drugs plan to cut crime and save lives” sets out three strategic priorities for national and local partners to work towards in order to set in motion the recommendations from the Dame Carol Black report. These priorities are;

  • Breaking supply chains
  • Delivering a world-class treatment and recovery system
  • Achieve a generational shift in demand for drugs

In working towards these aims, Hampshire hopes to implement the recommendations from the Dame Carol Black report, alongside tackling alcohol harm. This needs assessment quantifies what is needed in Hampshire and gives recommendations to how drug and alcohol harm can move from harm to hope.

Substance Misuse Needs Assessment 2022
Hampshire Substance Misuse Needs Assessment Infographic 2022

Hampshire domestic abuse needs assessment summary 2024.

The introduction of the Domestic Abuse Act 2021 has given Hampshire County Council statutory responsibilities to lead a coordinated and consistent response to domestic abuse, engaging a wide range of partners. This document provides a summary of the needs assessment carried out to provide a holistic assessment of domestic abuse across Hampshire and identify priorities for partnership action to inform the Hampshire Domestic Abuse Strategy. The summary provides data on the current picture of domestic abuse and service provision across Hampshire, the key findings and the recommendations and priorities from the most recent needs assessment carried out in 2024.

Domestic abuse needs assessment summary 2024

Hampshire sexual health and reproductive health needs assessment 2022

This needs assessment explores the sexual health and reproductive needs of our local population. Understanding this need and the local demand on our services informs our work in Public Health and how we commission sexual health services. Sexual and reproductive health is relatively good for Hampshire. However, there are variations in outcomes for some individuals, groups, and communities. Variation may be a consequence of knowledge, access, and uptake of sexual and reproductive health services which can create and widen health inequalities. These variations in outcomes can be seen across all districts in Hampshire for a range of different indicators of good sexual and reproductive health. The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected some outcomes for Hampshire. The following health needs assessment provides the detailed findings for Hampshire.

A full report for Hampshire and Isle of Wight and a separate summary report for Hampshire are available.

Hampshire domestic abuse needs assessment 2018

This needs assessment aims to quantify current need, describe current services, and thereby inform the commissioning of domestic abuse services in Hampshire. The report provides insights into the challenges services will have to address, and also includes feedback received from stakeholders who work in, or refer to, Hampshire victim and perpetrator services, as well as from service users themselves.

It has been developed following the recommendations of National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) Public Health Guideline 50 'Domestic Violence and Abuse: Multi-Agency Working'.

Alcohol needs assessment 2011

The Alcohol Needs Assessment brings together the latest available data and information in respect of alcohol and the impact of alcohol on a range of cross-cutting issues including health, social and crime implications:

Hampshire Alcohol Needs Assessment